Representation of Women and Nature in English Literary Texts
Keywords:
Women and Nature, John Donne, William Wordsworth, Lucy poems, Jamaica Kincaid’s Lucy, Mary Wollstonecraft, Helen Maria Williams, Ann Radcliffe, Maria Edgeworth, Mary Shelley, Jane Austen
Abstract
In my paper the author intends to show the bond between women and nature as exemplified in the writings of some canonical English writers as a contrast to some of the women writers like Mary Wollstonecraft, Helen Maria Williams, Ann Radcliffe, Maria Edgeworth, Mary Shelley, Jane Austen and Jamaica Kincaid who advocated that evolution could come about not through mastery and subjugation of nature, but rather through harmony and coexistence with nature.
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References
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2. Browning, Robert. “My Last Duchess.” Poetry Foundation. Web. 20 Feb 2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/43768/my-last-duchess
3. ---. “Porphyria’s Lover.” Poetry Foundation. Web. 20 Feb 2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/46313/porphyrias-lover
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8. ---. “Elegie XIX: To His Mistress Going to Bed.” Poetry Foundation. Web. 20 Feb 2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poems/detail/50340
9. ---. “The Sun Rising.” Poetry Foundation. Web. 20 Feb 2018 https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44129/the-sun-rising
10. Garrard, Gregory. “Problems and Prospects in Ecocritical Pedagogy.” Environmental Education Research 16. 2 (2010): 233-245. Taylor and Francis. Web. 02 March 2018.
11. Gerrard, Greg. “Radical Pastoral?” Studies in Romanticism 35. 3, 1996, pp 449-465. Print.
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13. Kempadoo, Kamala. “Theorizing Sexual Relations in the Caribbean: Prostitution and the Problem of the Exotic.” Confronting Power, Theorizing Gender: Interdisciplinary Perspectives in the Caribbean. Ed. Eudine Barriteau. Jamaica: U of the West Indies P, 2003, pp 159-172. Print.
14. Kincaid, Jamaica. Lucy. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1990. Print.
15. Kolodny, Annette. The Lay of the Land: Metaphor as Experience and History in American Life and Letters. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P. 1975. Print.
16. Marlowe, Christopher. “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love.” Poetry Foundation. Web. 20 Feb 2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44675/the-passionate-shepherd-to-his-love
17. Mellor, Anne K. Romanticism and Gender. New York: Routledge, 1993. Print.
18. Milton, John. Comus: A Mask (1637). Google Search. Web. 20 Feb 2018. https://www.dartmouth.edu/~milton/reading_room/comus/text.shtml
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21. Phillips, Bill. “The Rape of Mother Earth in Seventeenth Century English Poetry: An Ecofeminist Interpretation.” Atlantis 26. 1 (2004): 49-60. JSTOR. Web. 12 Nov 2016.
22. Pliny. Natural History. The Perseus Digital Library. Web. 20 Feb 2018. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:abo:phi,0978,001:33
23. Raman, Shankar. “Can’t Buy Me Love: Money, Gender, and Colonialism in Donne’s Erotic Verse.” Criticism 43. 2 (2001): 135-168. Print.
24. Rhys, Jean. Wide Sargasso Sea. London: Penguin, 1997. Print.
25. Ross, Marlon B. “Naturalizing Gender: Woman’s Place in Wordsworth’s Ideological Landscape.” ELH 53. 2 (1986): 339-410. Print.
26. Ruby, Robert H. and John A. Brown. Dreamer-Prophets of the Columbia Plateau: Smohalla and Skolaskin. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 1989. Google Books. Web. 20. 12. 2017.
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28. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Antony and Cleopatra. Oxford: OUP, 1994. Print.
29. ---. “Sonnet 18.” Shakespeare’s Sonnets. Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018 http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/18
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31. Wordsworth, William. “Daffodils.” Poetry Foundation. Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45521/i-wandered-lonely-as-a-cloud
32. ---. A Guide through the District of the Lakes in the North of England. Hathi Trust Digital Library. Web. 20. 02.2018. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uva.x000266669;view=1up;seq=1
33. ---. “To a Highland Girl.” Poetry Foundation. Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45560/to-a-highland-girl
34. ---. “Lucy Poems.” Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018 http://cola.calpoly.edu/~pmarchba/TEXTS/POETRY/W_Wordsworth/1798_1801_Lucy_poems.pdf
35. ---. “Nutting.” Poetry Foundation. Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45533/nutting
36. ---. “Solitary Reaper.” Poetry Foundation. Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45554/the-solitary-reaper
37. Yost, David. “A Tale of Three Lucys: Wordsworth and Bronte in Kincaid’s Antiguan Villete.”MELUS 31. 2, 2006, pp 141-156. Print.
2. Browning, Robert. “My Last Duchess.” Poetry Foundation. Web. 20 Feb 2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/43768/my-last-duchess
3. ---. “Porphyria’s Lover.” Poetry Foundation. Web. 20 Feb 2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/46313/porphyrias-lover
4. Byron, Lord. Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage. Google Search. Web. 22 Feb 2018. http://knarf.english.upenn.edu/Byron/charoldt.html
5. Cavendish, Margaret. “Earth’s Complaint.” Early English Books Online. Web. 11 March 2018. https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A53061.0001.001/1:16.16?rgn=div2;view=fullte
6. Cowper, Wlliam. The Task (1785). Adelaide: U of Adeliade, 2015. Web. 12 March 2018. https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/c/cowper/william/task/complete.html
7. Donne, John. “The Calm.” Poetry Foundation. Web. 20 Feb 2018 https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44096/the-calm
8. ---. “Elegie XIX: To His Mistress Going to Bed.” Poetry Foundation. Web. 20 Feb 2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poems/detail/50340
9. ---. “The Sun Rising.” Poetry Foundation. Web. 20 Feb 2018 https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44129/the-sun-rising
10. Garrard, Gregory. “Problems and Prospects in Ecocritical Pedagogy.” Environmental Education Research 16. 2 (2010): 233-245. Taylor and Francis. Web. 02 March 2018.
11. Gerrard, Greg. “Radical Pastoral?” Studies in Romanticism 35. 3, 1996, pp 449-465. Print.
12. Griffin, Susan. Preface to the Second Edition (1999). Woman and Nature: The Roaring Inside Her. By Griffin. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1978, pp ix-xi. Print.
13. Kempadoo, Kamala. “Theorizing Sexual Relations in the Caribbean: Prostitution and the Problem of the Exotic.” Confronting Power, Theorizing Gender: Interdisciplinary Perspectives in the Caribbean. Ed. Eudine Barriteau. Jamaica: U of the West Indies P, 2003, pp 159-172. Print.
14. Kincaid, Jamaica. Lucy. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1990. Print.
15. Kolodny, Annette. The Lay of the Land: Metaphor as Experience and History in American Life and Letters. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P. 1975. Print.
16. Marlowe, Christopher. “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love.” Poetry Foundation. Web. 20 Feb 2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44675/the-passionate-shepherd-to-his-love
17. Mellor, Anne K. Romanticism and Gender. New York: Routledge, 1993. Print.
18. Milton, John. Comus: A Mask (1637). Google Search. Web. 20 Feb 2018. https://www.dartmouth.edu/~milton/reading_room/comus/text.shtml
19. ---. Paradise Lost: The First Book. Bartleby.com. Web. 20 Feb 2018. http://www.bartleby.com/4/401.html
20. Ovid. Metamorphosis. Trans. A. D. Melville. Oxford: OUP, 2008. Print.
21. Phillips, Bill. “The Rape of Mother Earth in Seventeenth Century English Poetry: An Ecofeminist Interpretation.” Atlantis 26. 1 (2004): 49-60. JSTOR. Web. 12 Nov 2016.
22. Pliny. Natural History. The Perseus Digital Library. Web. 20 Feb 2018. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:abo:phi,0978,001:33
23. Raman, Shankar. “Can’t Buy Me Love: Money, Gender, and Colonialism in Donne’s Erotic Verse.” Criticism 43. 2 (2001): 135-168. Print.
24. Rhys, Jean. Wide Sargasso Sea. London: Penguin, 1997. Print.
25. Ross, Marlon B. “Naturalizing Gender: Woman’s Place in Wordsworth’s Ideological Landscape.” ELH 53. 2 (1986): 339-410. Print.
26. Ruby, Robert H. and John A. Brown. Dreamer-Prophets of the Columbia Plateau: Smohalla and Skolaskin. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 1989. Google Books. Web. 20. 12. 2017.
27. Senapati, Fakir Mohan. Chha Mana Atha Guntha. Cuttack: Friends Publishers, 2015. Print.
28. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Antony and Cleopatra. Oxford: OUP, 1994. Print.
29. ---. “Sonnet 18.” Shakespeare’s Sonnets. Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018 http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/18
30. Spenser, Edmund. “Amoretti.” Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018. https://genius.com/Edmund-spenser-amoretti-sonnet-64-annotated
31. Wordsworth, William. “Daffodils.” Poetry Foundation. Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45521/i-wandered-lonely-as-a-cloud
32. ---. A Guide through the District of the Lakes in the North of England. Hathi Trust Digital Library. Web. 20. 02.2018. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uva.x000266669;view=1up;seq=1
33. ---. “To a Highland Girl.” Poetry Foundation. Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45560/to-a-highland-girl
34. ---. “Lucy Poems.” Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018 http://cola.calpoly.edu/~pmarchba/TEXTS/POETRY/W_Wordsworth/1798_1801_Lucy_poems.pdf
35. ---. “Nutting.” Poetry Foundation. Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45533/nutting
36. ---. “Solitary Reaper.” Poetry Foundation. Google Search. Web. 20.02.2018. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45554/the-solitary-reaper
37. Yost, David. “A Tale of Three Lucys: Wordsworth and Bronte in Kincaid’s Antiguan Villete.”MELUS 31. 2, 2006, pp 141-156. Print.
Published
2021-02-15
How to Cite
Patel, D. A. “Representation of Women and Nature in English Literary Texts”. Contemporary Literary Review India, Vol. 8, no. 1, Feb. 2021, pp. 1-22, https://literaryjournal.in/index.php/clri/article/view/540.
Section
Research Papers
Copyright (c) 2021 Dr. Aloka Patel
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